Enframing Heidegger

This is a chronology of Heidegger's life. It is based on information found in books referenced in my bibliography. The original German titles are used for lectures and publications. The GA number following a title refers to that title's volume number in the collected works, the Gesamtausgabe. Some titles there are linked to references of their English translations. Be aware that Heidegger sometimes used the same title for a course, an essay, or a lecture. For a more complete listing of Heidegger's lectures and seminars try the GAapp Lehre tab.

Summer semesters were typically May through July, and winter semesters November through February, with a month off for Christmas.

Heidegger Chronology

• 1889

  Born to sexton Friedrich and Johanna Heidegger (née Kempf) in Messkirch, Baden, September 26.

• 1892

  Sister Marie born.

• 1894

  Brother Fritz born.

• 1903

  Konradihaus, Jesuit gymnasium in Constance.

• 1906

  Transfers to Bertholds gymnasium in Freiburg and boards at the archiepiscopal seminary of St. Georg.

• 1907

  Receives a copy of Franz Brentano's "On the Manifold Meaning of Being according to Aristotle" (1862) from Dr. Conrad Gröber, a paternal friend.

• 1909

  Receives baccalaureate, July 13. Entered novitate of the Society of Jesus at Tisis near Feldkirch in Austria, September 30. Leaves at end of two week candidature, October 13; possibly turned down for health reasons. Began studying for the priesthood at the Albert-Ludwig University in Freiburg, winter semester. Borrows Husserl's Logical Investigations from library. Begins reading Dilthey. First lecture, on Abraham a Santa Clara, in Hausen im Tal (c 15 KM from Messkirch).

• 1910

  Lecture, on Abraham a Santa Clara (GA13), in Kreenheinstetten, Abraham's birthplace (c 10 KM from Messkirch), August 15. Begins publishing articles in Der Akademiker , the journal of the German Association of Catholic Graduates; first Per Mortem ad vitam then a reviews of Autorität und Freiheit and Versiegelte Lippen. Poem: Sterbende Pracht (GA13).

• 1911

  Goes home to rest in February, returns to school in April. Spends summer semester at home because of asthma and heart problems. Abandons theological seminary on advice of his superiors. Changes studies to mathematics and philosophy. Review of Das Gottesbedürfnis. Der Akademiker: Zur philosophischen Orientierung für Akademiker, and reviews of Das Reisebuch and Gottesbedürfnis. Poems: Auf stillen Pfaden, Julinacht, Ölbergstunden (GA 13), and Wir wollen warten (GA13). Studies under Heinrich Rickert.

• 1912

  Publishes last articles in Der Akademiker, Relisionpsychologie und Unterbewußtsein and review of Elementa Philosophiae Aristotelico-Thomisticae. Writes Das Realitätsproblem in der modernen Philosophie (GA1) for Philosophisches Jahrbuch der Görresgesellschaft, and Neue Forschungen für Logik (GA 1) for Literarische Rundschau für das katholische Deutschland.

• 1913

  Doctoral examination under Schneider with Heinrich Rickert (1863-1936) co-examining, July 26. Dissertation: Die Lehre vom Urteil im Psychologismus. Ein kritischpositiver Beitrag zur Logik; "The Doctrine of Judgement in Psychologism". Awarded Ph.D. summa cum laude. Publishes reviews of Kants Briefe in Auswahl and Zeitlichkeit und Zeitlosigkeit in Literarische Rundschau für das katholische Deutschland, and Bibliothek wertvoller Novellen und Erzählungen in Der Akademiker.

• 1914

  Publishes reviews of Von der Klassifikation der psychischen Phänomene (GA1), Kant und Aristoteles (GA 1) and Kant-Laienbrevier (GA1) in Literarische Rundschau für das katholische Deutschland. Engagement to Marguerite Weninger, ends next year. Volunteers for Infantry Reserve Battalion 113. Serves August 2-10; released for health reasons. Then drafted in same battalion. Serves October 9-20; then again released for health reasons.

• 1915

  Habilitation. Dissertation: "The Doctrine of Categories and Signification in Duns Scotus". Philosophical Faculty at Freiburg approves, and the Grand Duchy of Baden grants, July 31, a license to teach philosophy; he's a Privatdozent. Drafted again August 18. September trained in Berlin with Reserve Battalion 142. Again released for health reasons. Recuperates in hospital for a few weeks. October 16 sent back to Freiburg to work as a military censor at the post office. Assists Father Engelbert Krebs (1881-1950) lecturing theology students in philosophy. Course Die Grundlinien der antiken und scholastischen Philosophie, and Über Kant, Prolegomena seminar, winter semester. Attending the first course is Elfride Petri (1893-1992), a student of political economy. Works with Edith Stein (1891-1942) editing Husserl's papers for publication.

• 1916

  Meets Edmund Husserl (1859-1938) in the spring. Husserl sends postcard to Heidegger asking to see his Habilitationsschrift, May 27. Course Der deutsche Idealismus, and Übungen über Texte aus den logischen Schriften des Aristoteles seminar, summer semester. Course Grundfragen der Logik, winter semester. Edith Stein becomes Husserl's personal assistant, October 1. Husserl applies for and gets Heidegger and appoint as a teaching assistant, October 10. It is not known if Heidegger actually taught the courses announced in 1915-1916.

• 1917

  Married to Elfride Petri by Father Krebs, March 21. A week later remarried in a protestant ceremony with her parents. Talk on Friedrich Schleiermacher, August 2. Taught courses on Hegel summer semester, and Plato winter semester.

• 1918

  Drafted again January 1. Private Heidegger of the territorial reserve reported to barracks, January 17. Basic training at Camp Heuberg, approximately 25 km north of Messkirch until May 15. May 15-July 20 served at meteorological station in Berlin-Charlotty. Taught course on "Lotze and the Development of Modern Logic", summer semester. Meets Elisabeth Blochmann (1892-1972). Spends between late August through mid-November with meteorological unit, Front Weather Watch, in the Marne. Promoted to lance corporal, November 5. Discharged, November 16. Arrives home in December.

• 1919

  Son Jörg born, January 1. Husserl applies for and has Heidegger named to the post of Assistant to the Philosophy Seminar, January 21. Wrote to Engelbert Krebs, breaking with "the dogmatic system of Catholicism", January 9.
  Die Idee der Philosophie und das Weltanschauungsproblem (GA 56/57), Kriegsnotsemester (War Emergency Semester), February 7 to April 11. Meets Karl Jaspers in Freiburg, April 8.
  Courses Phänomenologie und transzendentale Wertphilosophie (GA 56/57) and Über das Wesen der Universität und des akademischen Studiums (GA 56/57), and Einführung in die Phänomenologie im Anschluß an Descartes, Meditationes seminar, summer semester. Course Grundprobleme der Phänomenologie (GA 58), and Übungen im Anschluß an Natorp, Allgemeine Psychologie seminar, winter semester.

• 1920

  Course Phänomenologie der Anschauung und des Ausdrucks. Theorie der philosophischen Begriffsbildung (GA 59), and Kolloquium im Anschluß an die Vorlesung seminar, summer semester. Karl Jaspers meets Heidegger in April. Son Hermann born, August 20.
  Course Einleitung in die Phänomenologie der Religion (GA 60). Helene Weiss begins attending Heidegger's lectures. Phänomenologie Übungen für Anfänger im Anschluß an Descartes, Meditationes seminar, winter semester.

• 1921

  Course Augustinus und der Neuplatonismus (GA 60), and Phänomenologie Übungen für Anfänger im Anschluß an Aristoteles, de anima seminar, summer semester. Anmerkungen zu Karl Jaspers "Psychologie der Weltanschauungen" sent to Jaspers, June. Visits Husserl in St. Märgen, September.
  Course Phänomenologische Interpretationen zu Aristoteles: Einführung in die phänomenologische Forschung (GA61), and Phänomenologie Übungen für Anfänger im Anschluß an Husserl, Logische Untersuchugen II seminar, winter semester.

• 1922

  Elfride has hut built in Todtnauberg, as a present. Writes to Husserl, April 14.
  Course Phänomenologische Interpretationen ausgewählter Abhandlungen des Aristoteles zur Ontologie und Logik (GA 62), and Phänomenologie Übungen für Anfänger im Anschluß an Husserl, Logische Untersuchugen II, 2 seminar, summer semester.
  Course Übungen über: Phänomenologische Interpretationen zu Aristoteles, and Phänomenologie Übungen für Anfänger im Anschluß an Husserl, Ideen I seminar, winter semester. Visits Jaspers in Heidelberg for a week. Jacob Klein and Leo Strauss attend Heidegger's lectures.
  Writes introduction for book on Aristole, Phänomenologische Interpretationen zu Aristoteles: Anzeige der hermeneutischen Situation ; he sends it as prospectus to Marburg and Göttingen; the “Natorp Bericht”.

• 1923

  Last course at Freiburg: Ontologie. Hermeneutik der Faktizität (GA63), summer semester. Seminar on Nicomachean Ethics, attended by Gadamer. May 26, Albert Leo Schlageter executed by French firing squad for sabotage. Schlageter attended the same Freiburg Gymnasium as Heidegger. Accepts position as associate professor at the University of Marburg; ontained with the help of Paul Natorp. Husserl sends Heidegger his own copy of the Logische Untersuchungen with congradulations. Moves to Marburg in October. Meets Hans-Georg Gadamer. Meets Rudolf Bultmann.
  Einführung in die phänomenologische Forschung (GA17), also known as Der Beginn der neuzeitlichen Philosophie, winter semester. Aufgaben und Wege der phänomenologischen Forschung , lecture to Hamburg group of Kant Society, December 7.

• 1924

  Hannah Arendt (1906-1975) enrolls in Marburg, meets Heidegger. They become lovers, February.
  Grundbegriffe der aristotelischen Philosophie (GA18), summer semester. Attending are Hans-Georg Gadamer, Helene Weiss, Jacob Klein, Hans Jonas, Leo Strauss, Karl Löwith, Walter Bröcker and Gerhard Nebel. Ber Begriff der Zeit , talk to Marburg Theologians, July 25.
  Platon: Sophistes (GA19), winter semester. Dasein und Wahrsein nach Aristoteles , lecture to groups in Elberfeld-Barmen, Cologne and Dortmund, December 1-8. Heidegger's father dies (73). First substantial commentary on Heidegger, Tanabe Hajime's essay "A New Turn in Phenomenology: Heidegger's Phenomenology of Life", published in Japan.

• 1925

  Hannah Arendt leaves Marburg for Heidelberg. Visits Husserl in March. Wilhelm Diltheys Forschungsarbeit und der gegenwärtige Kampf um eine historische Weltanschauung , ten lectures in Kassel at the Society for Art and Science of the Electorate of Hesse, April 16-21.
  Prolegomena zur Geschichte des Zeitbegriffs (GA 20), summer semester. Marburg faculty propose Heidegger to replace Nicolai Hartmann in the philosophy chair, August 5. Rejected by Berlin for lack of literary works.
  Logik. Die Frage nach der Wahrheit (GA 21), winter semester; Simon Moser and Helene Weiss attend. Seminar on Hegel starts November 2; Weiss, Gadamer, Wagner, Krüger, Löwith attend.

• 1926

  Heidegger visits Husserl vacationing in Todtnauberg, March 12. Heidegger presents Sein und Zeit (GA2) manuscript to Husserl at his 67th birthday party in Todtnauberg, April 8. Heidegger lectures in Switzerland.
  Grundbegriffe der antiken Philosophie (GA22), summer semester. Vom Wesen der Wahrheit, lecture to Academic Union at Marburg, May 24. Faculty proposes Heidegger for philosophy chair again, June 18. Rejected by Berlin again. Visits Husserl, vacationing in Silvaplana, for a week, August.
  Geschichte der Philosophie von Thomas v. Aquin bis Kant (GA 23), winter semester. Begriff und Entwicklung der phänomenologischen Forschung, lecture at Marburg Cultural Science Circle, December 4.

• 1927

  Phänomenologie und Theologie , lecture at the Evangelical Theologians' Society in Tübingen, March 9. Sein und Zeit published in Jahrbuch für Philosophie und phänomenologische Forschung , vol. 8, April.
  Die Grundprobleme der Phänomenologie (GA24), summer semester. Heidegger's mother dies (69) May 3. Meets Count Kuki Shuzo at Husserl's home.
  Phänomenologische Interpretation von Kant Kritik der reinen Vernunft (GA25), winter semester. Heidegger promoted to full professor, October 19. Visits Husserl in Freiburg to discuss the first draft of Phenomenology article for the Encyclopedia-Britannica, October 12.

• 1928

  Phänomenologie und Theologie, lecture in Marburg, February 14. Vorbemerkungen des Herausgebers published.
  Metaphysische Anfangsgründe der Logik im Ausgang von Leibniz (GA26) (source for 'Aus der letzten Marburger Vorlesung' in Wegmarken), summer semester. Seminar on Phänomenologie Übungen zu Aristoteles, Physica III. Lectures on Kant and Metaphysics in Riga, September. Appointed professor of philosophy at Freiburg.
  Einleitung in die Philosophie (GA 27), winter semester. Aus der letzten Marburger Vorlesung written. Herbert Marcuse begins attending Heidegger's lectures; continues until 1932.

• 1929

  Philosophische Anthropologie und Metaphysik des Daseins , lecture to the Kant Society of Frankfurt, January 24. Kants Kritik der reinen Vernunft und die Aufgabe einer Grundlegung der Metaphysik , lectures March 17-27, at Davos Institute for university teachers. Speech to Edmund Husserl on his 70th birthday, Freiburg, April 8. Edith Stein visits Husserl and Heidegger, April. Vom Wesen des Grundes, contribution to Edmund Husserl Festschrift, which he edited.
  Kant und das Problem der Metaphysik (GA3) published.
  Was ist Metaphysik? , inaugural lecture to the Freiburg University faculties, July 24, in the University Auditorium.
  Der Deutsche Idealismus (Fichte, Hegel, Schelling) und die philosophische Problemlage der Gegenwart (GA 28), summer semester.
  Die Grundbegriffe der Metaphysik Welt-Endlichkeit-Einsamkeit (GA29/G30), winter semester. Die heutige Problemlage der Philosophie, lecture in Karlsruhe, December.
  Was ist Metaphysik? published. Count Kuki Shuzo introduces Heidegger's work to Jean-Paul Sartre, his French tutor in Paris. Attend Tolstoy lecture by Lev Shestov, then meets him at Husserl's.

• 1930

  Lectures at the Scientific Union in Amsterdam, Die heutige Problemlage der Philosophie, March 21, and Hegel und das Problem der Metaphysik, March 22. Offered philosophy chair in Berlin, March 28, declines. Tea at Husserl's home, June 22. Gives talk, Vom Wesen der Wahrheit, at Baden celebration, July 11-14.
  Vom Wesen der menschlichen Freiheit. Einleitung in die Philosophie (GA31), summer semester. Vom Wesen der Wahrheit, lecture in Karlsruhe, July 14, then at Philosophical Society of Bremen, October 8, and in Freiburg, December 11. Augustinus: Quid est tempus?, lecture at monastery of Beuron, 15 km from Messkirch, October 26.
  Hegel Phänomenologie des Geites (GA32), winter semester.

• 1931

  Aristoteles: Metaphysik IX (GA33), summer semester.
  Vom Wesen der Wahrheit: Zu Platons Höhlengleichnis und Theatet (GA34), winter semester.
  Vom Wesen der Wahrheit read to the monks in the Abbey of Beuron, fall.
  Receives first call to chair of philosophy at University of Berlin. Declined. Then accepted by Nicolai Hartmann.

• 1932

  Der Anfang der abendländischen Philosophie (Anaximander und Parmenides) (GA 35), summer semester. Vom Wesen der Wahrheit lecture, in Dresden, early June. Article "Martin Heidegger et l'onntologie" in Revue philosophique, May-June, by Emmanuel Levinas. Sponsors Paul Oskar Kristeller's work on Renaissance Platonist Marsilio Ficino.

• 1933

  At fiftieth anniversary of Husserl doctorate at Husserl's home, January 23. Ernst Krieck invites Heidegger to join the KADH (Kuturpolitische Arbeitsgemeinschaft Deutscher Hochschullehrer), March. Visits Jaspers in Heidelberg, March 18. Heidegger describes attending KADH meeting in Frankfurt in letter to Blochmann, March 30. Elected April 21, becomes rector of the University of Freiburg, April 22. Writes to Krieck, April 22. Edmund Husserl forced to retire for racial reasons, April. Writes to Husserl, April 29. Joins National Socialist Party, May 3. Sends telegram to Hitler asking him to postpone meeting with Association of German Universities, May 20.
  Rectorship address Die Selbstbehauptung der deutschen Universität, May 27. Attends meeting of the Congress of Rectors in Berlin, June 8. Writes postcard to Blochmann from Berlin, June 10. "The University in the New Reich" speech in Heidelberg; denounces "international Jewish conspiracy" at Jaspers' home, June 30. Attends (with Alfred Baeumler and Joachim Haupt) two-day conference in Berlin sponsored by the Deutsche Studentenschaft, July 10-11 [Ott and Farias have incorrect date].
  Die Grundfrage der Philosophie (GA36/37), summer semester. Writes to ministry of education supporting the new laws dismissing Jews from the civil service (university), July 12. Writes to Blochmann anticipating meeting of rectors in Homburg, August 19. Hannah Arendt departs Germany, August. Writes letters of recommendation for Karl Löwith and Elisabeth Blochmann. First book-length study of Heidegger, Count Kuki Shuzo's "The Philosophy of Heidegger", published in Japan.
  Receives second call to chair of philosophy at University of Berlin from Bernhard Rust, September 4. Declined. Receives call to Munich from Hans Schemm, September 5. Writes to Minister of Education, September 6. Krieck and Erich Jaensch write to Rust denouncing Heidegger, September. Tips off authorities that Chemistry professor Hermann Staudinger (Nobel Prize 1953) was a pacifist who had applied for Swiss citizenship during WWI, September 29. Expresses support for Hitler at public meeting in Leipzig, November.
  Vom Wesen der Wahrheit (GA36/37), winter semester.
  University law changed, Heidegger appointed Rector by the government. Todtnauberg camp, October 4-10. "German Students" proclamation in Freiburger Studenten Zeitung, November 3. Addresses election meeting of German Scholars in Leipzig, November 11. Rejects chair of philosophy in Munich, and Berlin again. Secretly denounces Göttingen philosophy professor Eduard Baumgarten, December 16.

• 1934

  Krieck and Jaensch again write letters denouncing Heidegger, February. Writes Der Ruf zum Arbeitsdienst and Mahnwort an das allemanische Volk. Resigns rectorship, April 23, letter accepted by Baden's minister for education the 27th. Krieck attacks repeatedly Heidegger in his journal Volk im Werden, starting in April.
  Uber Logik als Frage nach der Sprache (GA38), summer semester. Last lecture attended by Helene Weiss. Writes Zur Überwindung der Ästhetik Zu 'Ursprung des Kunstwerkes'. Lecture in Konstanz: Die gegenwärtige Lage und die künftige Aufgabe der deutschen Philosophie. Die deutsche Universität, Zwei Vorträge in den Ausländerkursen der Freiburger Universität (The German University: Two lectures given in the courses for foreign students at Freiburg University), August 15 and 16.
  Hölderlins Hymnen «Germanien» und «Der Rhein» (GA 39), winter semester.

• 1935

  Einführung in die Metaphysik (GA40), summer semester. Heidegger family adopts recently orphaned Erika Birle from São Paulo, Brazil, July.
  Der Ursprung der Kunstwerkes , public lecture to the Kunstwissenschaftliche Gesellschaft in Freiburg, November 13. Die Frage nach dem Ding. Zu Kant Lehre von den transzendentalen Grundsätzen (GA41), winter semester.
  Hosts Viktor von Weizsäcker, Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker, and Werner Heisenberg at Todtnauberg, autumn.

• 1936

  Der Ursprung der Kunstwerkes , public lecture at university in Zurich, January 20, and also at the Freies Deutsches Hochstift in Frankfurt, November 17 and 24 and December 4.
  Schelling: Vom Wesen der menschlichen Freiheit (1809) (GA42), summer semester. Travels to Rome with family.
  Hölderlin und das Wesen der Dichtung, lecture at the Italian Institute of German Studies in Rome, April 2, and "Europe and German philosophy" at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute (Biblioteca Hertziana), April 8. Meets Löwith in Rome.
  Nietzsche: Der Wille zur Macht als Kunst (GA43), winter semester. Karl Rahner begins attending Heidegger's courses for two years. Stops corresponding with Jaspers. Hölderlin und das Wesen der Dichtung published in Das innere Reich
  Lectures on Schiller to undergraduates: Übungen für Anfänger: Schillers Briefe über die ästhetische Erziehung des Menschen; 36/37.

• 1937

  Nietzsches metaphysische Grundstellung im abendländischen Denken : Die ewige Wiederkehr des Gleichen (GA44), summer semester.
  Grundfragen der Philosophie . Ausgewählte «Probleme» der «Logik» (GA45), winter semester.

• 1938

  Die Begründung des neuzeitlichen Weltbildes durch die Metaphysik , "The Establishing by Metaphysics of the Modern World Picture", lecture, June 9.
  Nietzsches II. Unzeitgemässe Betrachtung (GA 46), winter semester. Zeit des Weltbildes written.
  Completes Beiträge zur Philosophie (Vom Ereignis) (GA65). First translation of Heidegger to French, the collection Qu'est ce que la Métaphysique?, translated by Henry Corbin. Husserl dies, only two professors attended his funeral.

• 1939

  Nietzsches Lehre vom Willen zur Macht als Erkenntnis (GA47), summer semester. Wie wenn am Feiertage written.
  Vom Wesen und Begriff der "Physis", Aristoteles Physik B 1 written. Seminar on Herder's On the Origin of Language, summer semester. Hölderlins Hymne 'Wie wenn am Feiertage', lecture repeated several times. War starts, September 1. Son Hermann reports for duty in infantry. Freiburg University closed. Heidegger works on his manuscripts, which his brother Fritz types. Considers teaching at Messkirch high school or Todtnauberg village school. Son Jörg drafted into military, November.

• 1940

  Freiburg University reopens. Easter working in Messkirch.
  Nietzsche: Der europäische Nihilismus (GA 48), second trimester.
  Platons Lehre von der Wahrheit, lecture written.

• 1941

  Schelling (GA 49), first trimester.
  Grundbegriffe (GA51), summer semester. Works in hut during summer, and Messkirch in September.
  Hölderlins Hymne «Andenken» (GA 52), winter semester.

• 1942

  Hölderlins Hymne «Der Ister» (GA 53), summer semester.
  Parmenides (GA 54), winter semester. Vom Wesen der Wahrheit published by Ernesto Grassi. Son Jörg married to Dorothee Kurrer in Berlin, December 17.

• 1943

  Heraklit (GA 55), summer semester. Heimkunft/An die Verwandten, speech at University of Freiburg commemorating 100th anniversary of Hölderlin's death, June 6. Aletheia lecture.
  Vom Wesen der Wahrheit published. Hegels Begriff der Erfahrung, and Andenken (for Memorial Volume on occasion of the centenary of Hölderlin's death) written.
  Nietzsches Wort 'Gott ist tot' , lecture. Postscript added to new addition of Was ist Metaphysik?

• 1944

  Logik. Heraklits Lehre vom Logos (GA 55), summer semester. Erläuterungen zu Hölderlins Dichtung, containing Heimkunft: An die Verwandten and Hölderlins und das Wesen der Dichtung , published. Zur Erörterung der Gelasseinheit written. Drafted into Volkssturm (People's Militia), November 8. Taken to dig trenches in Alsace, November 22. In December flees to Messkirch following allied bombing of Freiburg, November 27. Three thousand killed. Discharged from Volkssturm. Elfride opens a school for neighborhood children in their Freiburg home. Freiburg philosophical faculty moves to Schloss (Castle) Wildenstein in upper Danube valley, 10 km. from Messkirch, December.

• 1945

  Elfride's mother dies in Wiesbaden following air raid, January 15. Allies bomb Messkirch, February 22. Destroy bank with Heidegger's manuscripts, which survive in safe. French occupy valley, April 21. German forces surrender, May 8. Jörg missing in Czechoslovakia and Hermann in Russia. Lectures on Hölderlin in Hausen, June 24. Returns to Freiburg. The French officer in charge of cultural affairs sends Frédéric de Towarnicki to find out if Heidegger survived the war. He finds Heidegger in Freiburg, and gives him a copy of L'être et le néant and an article by Jean Beaufret. Denazification hearings start July 23. Barred from teaching by French Military Government as preliminary step in investigations, October 5. Towarnicki returns to Paris with Heidegger letter, October 28, agreeing to meet Sartre in Baden-Baden, and inviting him to his hut in Todtnauberg. Jaspers writes report on Heidegger's involvement with Nazis. Freiburg Faculty of Philosophy first debates Heidegger's case, December 1; presents Heidegger with 23 questions. Jaspers writes to de-Nazification committee criticizing Heidegger, December 22.

• 1946

  Nervous breakdown in January. Taken by Beringer, dean of the medical school, to psychiatrist Victor von Gebsattel, at the sanitorium Schloss Hausbaden in Badenweiler, for several weeks.
  Informed of French Military Government's decision to bar him from teaching, March 11. March 31, visit from Frédéric de Towarnicki. Returns to Todnauberg. Meets Stefan Schimanski of the Manchester Guardian, June. Heidegger applies for Emeritus status, declaring he will refrain from teaching. Senate grants Heidegger Emeritus status, without permission to teach, and orders him to keep a low profile. Regional government and denazification comissions rule that the university refuse Heidegger Emeritus status and pension him off. Ernesto Castelli visits Todtnauberg, June 9. Der Spruch des Anaximander written. Meets Jean Beaufret at hut, September 12. Works on translating Lao-Tzu into German.
  November 10 Beaufret writes to Heidegger, who responds November 23 with Brief über den Humanismus. University strips Heidegger of professorship, December 28.
  Wozu Dichter, lecture given to commemorate 20th anniversary of Rilke's death (December 29, 1926).

• 1947

  Brief über den Humanismus published. Medard Boss writes to Heidegger for first time. Herbert Marcuse writes to Heidegger asking him to recant Nazi past, August 28. Second meeeting with Stefan Schimanski, October. Jean Beaufret visits Todtnauberg, December, with some of his students, including Jean-François Lyotard. University stops paying Heidegger at end of year.

• 1948

  Heidegger letter responding to Marcuse, January 20. Margherita von Brentano completes doctorate. Der Feldweg written.

• 1949

  Die Gefahr and Das Gestell lecture in Bremen, January 12. Jaspers renews correspondence. Gadamer edits Festschrift for Heidegger's sixtieth birthday. Wilhelm Szilasi, publishes another Festschrift, Martin Heidegger's influence on the sciences , Bern. Visits Hüfingen, May.
  French military government issues final report on Heidegger, July. Prohibition against teaching lifted, September. Visits Birkach, November. University senate votes to make Heidegger emeritus professor.
  Einblick in Das, Was Ist (Das Ding, Das Gestell, Die Gefahr, and Die Kehre), lectures to the Bremen Club, December 1-4. Medard Boss visits Todtnauberg for first time. Heidegger lectures at Bühlerhöhe. Introduction added to new addition of Was ist Metaphysik?, and postscript revised.

• 1950

  Hannah Arendt visits in Freiburg, February 7. Einblick in Das, Was Ist (GA 79) lectures repeated in March at Bühlerhöhe. "Who is Zarathustra" and "The principle of sufficient reason", lectures to Bremen Club, March 25/26. Lecture to Munich academy, expansion of first part of Einblick.
  Das Ding, lecture to the Bavarian Academy of Fine Arts, June 6.
  Das Ding lecture, Icking, June 10, and writes Der Tod and Die Flur poems. Reinstated to teaching position winter semester.
  Die Sprache, lecture at Bühlerhöhe, October 7. Arendt visits and resumes friendship.

• 1951

  Die Sprache, lecture at Stuttgart, February 14. Attend Kurt Bauch lecture in Bühlerhöhe with H. W. Petzet, then trael onto Bremen. Logos, lecture to Bremen Club, May 4. Meets Frau Rilke, May.
  Bauen Wohnen Denken, lecture to Darmstadt Symposium on Man and Space, August 5. Visits Schloss Walchen with the Sophie and Clemens Podewils, August. Made professor Emeritus by Baden government, September 26.
  ...dichterisch wohnet der Mensch... , lecture at Bühlerhöhe, October 6.
  Was heisst Denken? ,part I (GA8), winter semester. Zu einem Vers von Mörike. Ein Briefwechsel mit Martin Heidegger von Emil Staiger published.

• 1952

  Lectures in Munich, January. Returns to Munich and records "What is Called Thinking?" for Bavarian Radio, April 24. Was heisst Denken?, part II (GA8), summer semester. Reads the final lecture after semester ends, at a "Colloquium on Dialectic" in Muggenbrunn, September 15. Vistis Darmstadt with Elfride and Fritz. Moira written. Jean-Paul Sartre visits Freiburg, December. Arendt visits again.

• 1953

  Visits Bruno Leiner in Constance, February. Meets Sophie Dorothee von Podewils in Munich, March 23. Visits Icking, April.
  Wer ist Neitzsches Zarathustra, lecture to the Bremen Club, May 8. Driven by Medard Boss to Messkirch, May 18. Stays with Sophie Dorothee in Altreute, late May.
  Wissenschaft und Besinnung, lecture in Schauinsland, May 15, and Munich, August 4. Visits Beurin monastery, and Constance, November.
  Die Frage nach der Technik, lecture to the Munich Academy, November 18. Die Sprache im Gedicht, and Aus einem Gespräch von der Sprache written. Der Feldweg published. Meets Walter Kaufmann. Meets D. T. Suzuki.

• 1954

  Die Frage nach der Technik, lecture in Freiburg, February 12, 150th anniversary of Kant's death. Tezuka Tomio visits, March. Stays with Sophie Dorothee in Altreute, early May.
  Besinnung, lecture in Zurich, June 8, Freiburg, June 19, Constance, June 28, Meersburg, June 30. Visits Leiners in Constance, July 24.
  Wissenschaft und Besinnung, lecture, August. Visits Constance with Elfride, October. Speech at Leiner's cremation in Constance, December 11.
  Was heisst Denken?, Aus der Erfahrung des Denkens, and Vorträge und Aufsätze published.

• 1955

  Visits Leiner family in Constance, February 25.
  Visits France with Elfride and Jean Beaufret in August. Sees Jean Beaufret in Paris and Georges Braque in Varengeville. Meets René Char at Jean Beaufret's home in Ménilmontant, Paris. Stays at Lacan's summer home for a week.
  Qu'est-ce que la Philosophie?, Was ist das-die Philosophie?, presented in Cérisy-la-Salle, Normandy, August. In attendance: Gabriel Marcel, Paul Ricoeur, Lucien Goldmann, Gilles Deleuze. Also visits Georges Braque in Varengeville.
  Gelassenheit (GA16), speech in Messkirch, October 30, for the 175th birthday of Conradin Kreutzer. Visits Marielene Putscher in Tübingen.
  Die Frage nach der Technik, lecture to the Bavarian Academy of Fine Arts, November 18.
  Der Satz vom Grund, part I, winter semester. Wrote Über "Die Linie" (later published as Zur Seinsfrage) for Ernst Jünger Festschrift.

• 1956

  Der Satz vom Grund , part II, summer semester; delivered two lectures with the same title at the Bremen Club, May 25, and at the University of Vienna, October 24. Traveled to Provence with Elfride, September. Visited Lyon with Jean Beaufret. Visited Stuttgart with Elfride, November.
  Was ist das-die Philosophie?, and Zur Seinsfrage published. Lectures on Hegel's Science of Logic, winter semester. Views Paul Klee exhibition in Basel. Paul Klee, lecture in Freiburg. Professor John E. Smith of Yale University visits Heidegger.

• 1957

  Der Satz vom Grund (GA10), Hebel--der Hausfreund, and Identität und Differenz published.
  Die Onto-Theo-logische Verfassung der Metaphysik lecture in Todtnauberg, 24 February. Visits Darmstadt, holds seminar, May. Visits Lindau, meets with Martin Buber. Visits Darmstadtagain in June.
  Der Satz der Identität lecture during celebration of the 500th year of the founding of the University of Freiburg, June 27. Visits Aix-en-Provence with Dory Vietta, September. Sits for bust by sculptor Louis Chiarelli. Returns to Freiburg, October 5. Address at Heidelberg Academy.
  Das Wesen der Sprache , lecture at University of Freiburg, December 14 and 18.

• 1958

  Studies Plato in Darmstadt, January. Das Wesen der Sprache, lecture at University of Freiburg, February 7. Discussions at Bavarian Academy of Fine Arts, Munich, February 28. Sits for bust by sculptor Hans Wimmer. Visited France with Elfride, March. Lecture on "Hegel and the Greeks" in Aix-en-Provence, March 20.
  Dichten und Denken. Zu Stefan Georges Gedicht 'Das Wort' , lecture in the Burgtheater of Vienna, May 11. Meets Victor Frankl.
  Hegel und die Griechen lecture at the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences, July 26. Das Wort, lectures. Grundsätze des Denkens written.

• 1959

  Unterwegs zur Sprache (GA12), Gelassenheit published. Der Weg zur Sprache lecture at the Bavarian Academy of Fine Arts, Munich, January.
  First Zollikoner seminar. Hölderlins Erde und Himmel, lecture in Cuvilliés Theater in Munich, June 6, during meeting of the Hölderlin Society. Lecture to Hölderlin Society in Stuttgart, July 14. Visited by Catholic theologian Karl Lehmann, August 10. Nominated honorary citizen of Messkirch, September 26. Dank an die Messkircher Heimat, speech in Messkirch, September 27. Die Bestimmung der Künste im Gegenwärtigen Weltalter, lecture in Baden-Baden. Conversation with Heribert Heinrich, October 14. Conference on Höchst with Marburg students in Oden Forest, October 20. Works with Hildegard Feick in Darmstadt, October 23. Goes to Zollikon to meet with Medard Boss, November 2.

• 1960

  Zollikon seminar first week of February. Receives Hebel Prize in Baden-Württemberg, May 10. Sprache und Heimat, lecture in Wesselburen, July 2. Hegel und die Griechen, in Festschrift for Gadamer. Seminar with Beaufret in Bremen.

• 1961

  Zollikon seminar beginning of March. Nietzsche I and II published. Kants These über das Sein lecture in Kiel, May 17. Discussion at Academy of Arts in Berlin, November 20. Zollikon seminar end of November. Edits SS 1928 Marburg course with Hildegard Feick in Darmstadt, mid-December.

• 1962

  Records Zeit und Sein for radio, January 29. Same lecture at Freiburg, January 31. English translation of Being and Time pubished. Attends Feast of the Captains in Bremen, February. Speech at Max Kommerell memorial service in Berlin, February 27. Discussion at Academy of Arts, February 28. Vorwort, letter to William J. Richardson, April 1962.
  Leave on first trip to Greece, April 12. Cruise leaves Venice, April 15, and return April 28. Lecture "Traditional Language and Technological Language" at Comburg, July 18. Tour of Swabia with Jean Beaufret.
  Seminar on Zeit und Sein September 11-13, Todtnauberg. Ill with jaundice, November. Die Frage nach dem Ding published. Kants These über das Sein published as part of Festschrift for Eric Wolf.

• 1963

  Martin and Elfride visit Sicily with Medard Boss and wife, April and May. Reads Hölderlin for recording in Tübingen, July 23. Beaufret visits Heidegger in Messkirch. They visit Beuron.

• 1964

  Letter to a conference on the nature of theology at Drew University, Madison, New Jersey, written March 11; published in Phänomenologie und Theologie, 1970. La fin de la Philosophie et la tache de la pensée presented at a colloquium organised by Unesco in Paris, April 21-23. Über Abraham a Santa Clara, speech in the St. Martin lecture hall in the church annex, Messkirch, May 2. Martin and Elfride fly to Athens, May 8; spend fortnight on Aegina. Visits Hartmut Buchner and Otto Pöggeler in Berlin, June 17.
  Zollikon Seminar, July. Conversation with Thai monk, Bikkhu Maha Mani, on TV in Baden-Baden, September 28.
  Lecture Bemerkungen zur Kunst - Plastik - Raum in St. Gall, October 3. Zollikon Seminar, November. Excerpt from the 1928 lecture on Leibniz published in Zeit und Geschichte , a Festschrift for Rudolf Bultmann.

• 1965

  Travels to Kassel for meeting of Brothers Grimm Society, early January. Zollikon Seminar, January. Visits Boss in Zollikon, July. Lecture Das Ende des Denkens in der Gestalt der Philosophie in Amriswil, October 30. Zollikon Seminar, November.

• 1966

  Stays with Boss in Zollikon, late February. Martin and Elfride's third trip to Greece and cruise of Asia Minor with Medard Boss and wife, April. Zollikon Seminar, July. Speech at Todtnauberg festival, July 30. Reiner Schürmann meets Heidegger.
  First Le Thor seminar, September 5-9, meets René Char. At seminar: Giorgio Agamben, Ginevra Bompiani, François Fédier, François Vezin. Der Spiegel interview, September 23. Zollikon Seminar, November. Heraclitus Seminar with Eugene Fink, winter semester.

• 1967

  Lectures in Hamburg, January. Die Herkunft der Kunst und die Bestimmung des Denkens , lecture to Athens Academy of Sciences and Arts, April 4. Zollikon Seminar, April. Martin and Elfride cruise Aegean with Luise Michaelson. Zollikon Seminar, July. Meets Paul Celan at Freiburg, July 24. Celan visits Todtnauberg the next day; writes "Todtnauberg" poem August 1. Spends a week with Boss in Lenzerheide, September. Meets with Beaufret in Messkich, late September. They visit island of Reichenau. Seminars in Hamburg, mid-December. Wegmarken published.

• 1968

  Visits Lenzerheide with Boss and his wife, March. Visits Bosses in Zollikon, May. Hölderlin: Das Gedicht, lecture in Amriswil.
  Second Le Thor seminar ( Hegel: Differenz des Fichteschen und Schellingschen Systems ), in Provence, August 30 to September 8. Present: Jean Beaufret, François Fédier, François Vezin, Michel Deguy, Gérard Granel, Federico Camino, Giorgio Agamben, Roger Munier, Dominique Janicaud. Visits Lenzerheide with Boss, September.

• 1969

  Works with Boss in Zollikon, March. Glenn Gray visits Heidegger, April 19. Colloquium in Heidelberg, June 20-21; meets with Karl Löwith. Works with Boss in Zollikon; meets with Hans Jonas there, July 16.
  Third Le Thor seminar (Kant: Über den einzig möglichen Beweisgrund vom Dasien Gottes), September 2-11. Present: Jean Beaufret, François Fedier, François Vezin, Barbara Cassin, Roger Munier, Julien Hervier, Franz Larese. Messkirch celebrates his eightieth birthday. Television interview with Richard Wisser, September 28. Zur Sache des Denkens published. Die Kunst und der Raum: L'art et l'espace written.

• 1970

  Meets Celan again, March. Phänomenologie und Theologie published. Die Frage nach der Bestimmung der Kunst, lecture in Munich, April 9. Suffers stroke in Augsburg. Returned to Freiburg where he recovers.

• 1971

  Thomas Sheehan visits Heidegger in Freiburg.

• 1972

  Von der Un-Verborgenheit: Fridolin Wiplingers Bericht von einem Gespräch mit Martin Heidegger .

• 1973

  Zähringen seminar, September 6-8.

• 1974

  Wrote greeting to symposium in Beirut, November.

• 1975

  David Farell Krell visits Heidegger, May 16. Hannah Arendt died, December 4, in Manhattan.

• 1976

  Died in his sleep in Freiburg, May 26. Buried in Messkirch, May 28. Der Spiegel interview published, May 31.

Thanks to Frank Edler, Michael Fitzgerald, Daniel Ferrer, mgaida, Cameron McEwen, and Michael Tweed for corrections and additions.

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